Paint+disintegration

KEYWORDS: Frescoes, Oil Paint, Plaster, Relative Humidity, Pigment ||
 * **FRESCO DISINTEGRATION. Irene Buettner-Salido and Lauren French. **Frescoes disintegrate when exposed to heat and humidity for long periods of time; in addition oil paints disintegrate under the same conditions at a faster rate. The purpose of this lab is to see how and why oil painted frescoes disintegrate more quickly than the original pigment painted frescoes. To create mini frescoes, pieces of filter paper were dipped into a mixture of flour and water. To test for heat, two samples were placed in a 100 degree Celsius incubator, and another one in room temperature. Secondly, relative humidity sensors were set up to collect the humidity of the air. Two samples were placed in a water filled, concealed container, and a sensor was placed to collect the air under high humidity. The other sensor was simply out in open air. According to the final data, when placed under extreme heat, the frescoes appear darker and cracked. The frescoes placed under high humidity were soggy, cracked, and the paint easily rubbed off after only two days. Overall, the oil painted frescoes were not able to withstand high heat and humidity over two days, much less countless years.

__RESULTS: __

Figure #1: Room Humidity and High Humidity

Data Table #1: Fresco Humidity · Cracked · Paint rubs off ||
 * **Day #1 ** || Sample #1 (room) || Sample #2 (high) ||
 * Relative humidity: || 21.93% || 71.13% ||
 * Observations: || · Looks the same  ||  · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Appears more moist  ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Day #2 ** ||  ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Relative Humidity: || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">24.91% || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">81.90% ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Observations: || · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">Looks the same  ||  · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Soggy

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Figure #2: Room Temperature and High Temperature <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Data Table #2: Frescoes and Heat · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Faint cracking || · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Little bubbles · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Dark yellow around the edges ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Day #1 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Sample #1 (room) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Sample #2 (high) ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Temperature: || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">24.1 degrees C || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">100 degrees C ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Observations: || · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">No visible change  ||  · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Darker
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Day #2 ** ||  ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Temperature: || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">23.2 degrees C || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">100 degrees C ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Observations: || · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">No visible change  ||  · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Cracked

__RECORDING:__ media type="file" key="fresco recording 2.wav" width="300" height="50"

Citations: · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">"Pigments through the Ages - Manufacture Recipes - Madder lake ." //Webexhibits//. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Mar. 2011. <http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in; tabstops: list .5in;">Conrad Schmitt. Published in "Church Property Administration", and 1937. "Published Articles - Restoration & Decoration | Conrad Schmitt Studios Inc.." //Conservation, Restoration and Artistic Craftsmanship | Conrad Schmitt Studios Inc.//. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Mar. 2011. <http://www.conradschmitt.com/getstarted/articles/?articleid=28>.

· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Tony Johansen "Red Artist's Pigments." //Making Artists Paint In The Studio By Tony Johansen//. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Mar. 2011. <http://www.paintmaking.com/red.

· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Brighter Future for Frescoes, New Scientist; 11/4/2006, Vol. 192 Issue 2576, p27-27, 1/3p

· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A Renaissance for Frescoes. New Scientist; 5/19/2007, Vol. 194 Issue 2604, p29-29, 1p