Sucrose+on+Tooth+Enamel

**The Effects of Sucrose on Tooth Enamel: ** **The Effects of Saliva Sugar Solutions on Teeth. Ella Coon and Kristin Knutzen. **The objective of this lab was to explore the effects of sucrose on hydroxyapatit, tooth enamel, (Ca10 (PO4 )6 (OH)2 ₍ ѕ ₎)  , and to test the reaction between saliva and sucrose. The relationship between saliva and sucrose and the effect of the acidic solution created from this reaction on the teeth was quantified through the change in mass of the tooth, once exposed to these conditions. Decomposition of sucrose occurs once exposed to the enzymes present in saliva which creates lactic acid, and in turn lowers the pH by the removal of a hydrogen ion from the hydroxyl group. The more hydrogen ions in solution and the higher the acidity, the more the enamel will decay. The data collected confirms that sucrose is decomposed once combined with saliva, and that this acidic solution does indeed decay the enamel of teeth. **pH: **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">the negative decimal logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions present in a solution**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Hydroxyl group: **is a functional group containing an oxygen covalently bonded to a hydrogen, the hydrogen often breaks of in solution

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Figure 1: Tooth Submerged in HCl ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 115%; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">In this picture the human tooth submerged in the hydrochloric acid solution started to form white strings. These strings are the calcium phosphate separating from the tooth enamel. the hydrogen ions in the acid began decayed the enamel.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 115%; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Journal Articles: ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ophardt, Charles E. (2003) //Sugar and Tooth Decay//. Retrieved 5 May, 2011, from http : <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">http ://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/548toothdecay.html <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> Ganong, Barry. (2009). //Enzyme Hydrolysis of Starch//. Retrieved 12 May, 2011, from []

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-indent: 0.5in;">﻿media type="file" key="saliva and sucrose.wav" width="300" height="50"