Natural+vs.+Synthetic+Adhesive

=Natural VS. Synthetic Adhesives=

**Abstract:**

 * **Synthetic vs. Natural Adhesives **. **Basil Ernst. Peter Driscol.**
 * Natural vs. Synthetic Adhesives, Peter Driscoll. **The purpose of this lab was to discover if homemade soybean glue and homemade milk glue could act as viable replacements for store bought wood and craft glues. Once the glues were made, they were used to adhere wood (posiclesticks). A tension rod was used to measure force needed to break the glue bond. The craft and wood glues were substantially stronger **//(averaging a 28 on the stress test for craft glues, and 14 for the wood glues)//** than the milk based and soy-bean based glues **//(averaging 4 for the soybean and 7 for the milk glue)//** showing that soy and milk glues will not work as suitable replacements for craft and wood glues, despite being less toxic and more environmentally friendly than the two synthetic glues. The milk and soy glues sometimes separated before any force could be applied to the popsicle sticks, even though appropriate time was given for drying. The milk and soy glues production process should be retried to see if these glues could still work. If so, then glues could be used in small classrooms because it is less expensive to make, and is non-toxic. When retesting, the purpose of this lab was to see if the homemade glues were made incorrectly, and if they would be able to stand greater amounts of stress than the craft glues. Only the milk glue was remade due to lack of time needed to make the soy-bean based glue. Same tests applied to this one glue as before.

 Keywords: Synthetic glue, Natural glue, Adhesive, Soy-bean based, Milk based, Tension rod. ||

Project Proposal:
a. Soybean glue b. Milk glue 2. Glues be we tested a. all for glues will be tested on adhesive strength apparatus b. other observations || code 1. Skim milk, 125 mL                       2. Beaker, 250 mL 3. Vinegar (acetic acid), 25 mL            4. heat source 5. Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), 1g    6. Funnel and filter paper 7. stirring rod                            8. water, 30 mL 9. Graduated cylinder, 125 mL code
 * Project Topic: || We will be testing two natural glues (Milk and soybeans) against two synthetic glues (craft glue and wood glue) ||
 * Chemistry Concept: || Acid base Chemistry, protein Chemistry ||
 * Hypothesis: || Milk glue (natural glue) will be similar in adhesive strength but will not surpass that of craft glue (synthetic glue), and soy glue (natural glue) will not compare in adhesive capabilities to wood glue (synthetic glue) ||
 * Journal Article: || In Source Citations ||
 * Lab Procedure: || 1. natural glues will be created
 * Apparatus & Chemicals Needed || Milk Glue:

Soybean Glue: three neck round bottom flask equipped mechanical stirrer thermometer condenser tap water NaOH ethylene glycol Soy Flour chloroform ice

Strength testing & apparatus:

Popsicle sticks tongue depressors Clamps spring Gage rope hinge ||
 * Safety Information: Chemicals/Reaction || Some glues include toxic materials. All contact and ingestion of glue should be avoided. ||
 * Other Information: || Milk is being compared to Craft glue as Soybeans are being compared wood glue.

soybean adhesive instructions 2.3. Soy-D (denatured only)

In a three-neck round-bottom ﬂask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and condenser, tap water (778.0 g), NaOH (28.0 g) and the phase-transfer agent ethylene glycol (5.3 g) were added while mixing and heated to 70C. Soy ﬂour (350.0 g) was then charged to the rapidly stirring solution at an average rate of 5%/min (or as rapidly as possible while ensuring proper dispersion and no clumping). The mixture was then heated to 90C over 15 min, with rapid agitation, and held between 88 and 92C for 2 h. After the reaction, the vessel was cooled to 35C with an ice bath and ﬁltered through a course screen (35 mesh)

2.4. Soy-F (denatured and treated with excess formaldehyde)

In a three-neck round-bottom ﬂask equipped with a stirring rod, thermometer and condenser, tap water (364.0 g), sodium hydroxide (14.4 g) and ethylene glycol (2.7 g) were combined while mixing and heated to 70C. Soy ﬂour (180.0 g) was then added at an average rate of 5%/min (or as rapidly as possible while ensuring proper dispersion and no clumping) to the rapidly stirring solution. please, someone help me. The mixture was then heated to 90C over 15 min, with rapid agitation, and held between 88 and 92C for 1 h. After the denaturing reaction, 37% formaldehyde (104.4 g) was added through an addition funnel over 15 min. The mixture was held at 90C for 5 h, then cooled to 35C with an ice bath and ﬁltered through a coarse screen (35 mesh)

Chloroform will be replaceing formaldehyde. ||

Sources Used:
//Journals// Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology ; 2006, Vol. 20 Issue 8, p859-873, 15p, 5 Charts, 4 Graphs

[|http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=a681970b-814b-48c6-b846-91d5a7ffae8d%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=111&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=aph&AN=21252652]

Synthetic Adhesives, 1973, Kardashov,D. A.
 * Accession Number : ** AD0769295

[]

// Websites // [|http://mypages.iit.edu/~smile/ch9506.html]

[]  Keywords: Synthetic glue, Natural glue, Adhesive, Soy-bean based, Milk based, Tension rod. ||
 * ** Natural vs. Synthetic Adhesives, Peter Driscoll. **The purpose of this lab was to discover if homemade soybean glue and homemade milk glue could act as viable replacements for store bought wood and craft glues. Once the glues were made, they were used to adhere wood (posiclesticks). A tension rod was used to measure force needed to break the glue bond. The craft and wood glues were substantially stronger ** // (averaging a 28 on the stress test for craft glues, and 14 for the wood glues) // **than the milk based and soy-bean based glues ** // (averaging 4 for the soybean and 7 for the milk glue) // ** showing that soy and milk glues will not work as suitable replacements for craft and wood glues, despite being less toxic and more environmentally friendly than the two synthetic glues. The milk and soy glues sometimes separated before any force could be applied to the popsicle sticks, even though appropriate time was given for drying. The milk and soy glues production process should be retried to see if these glues could still work. If so, then glues could be used in small classrooms because it is less expensive to make, and is non-toxic. When retesting, the purpose of this lab was to see if the homemade glues were made incorrectly, and if they would be able to stand greater amounts of stress than the craft glues. Only the milk glue was remade due to lack of time needed to make the soy-bean based glue. Same tests applied to this one glue as before.