Vitamin+C+content+in+fruit+juices

Max Hommeyer and James Adams

Observing as the iodine solution reacts with the lemonade to turn a purple color.

The titration is set up with iodine solution.

Making the Iodine Solution which will act as an indicator and react with the Vitamin C in the different fruit juices.

VITAMIN C CONTENT OF DIFFERENT FRUIT JUICES. Max Hommeyer. ** The purpose of this experiment was to find the Vitamin C content of several juices through the process of titration. Orange juice, apple juice, and lemonade were tested for the relative amount of Vitamin C they contained compared with each other. A controlled variable, Vitamin C water, was used to determine how much iodine solution it took to change the solution completely to a blue color. The principle of titration was used to compare the relative amounts of Vitamin C to each other. Many substances had to be used to correctly measure the relative amount of Vitamin C in each fruit juice. Each juice was mixed with a set amount both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and starch as an indicator of the Vitamin C content. Iodine was then added to that mixture to test how much Vitamin C there was in each liquid. Using a constant volume of 20 mL for each juice, orange juice had the highest content of Vitamin C, with 0.0377 grams. Apple juice and lemonade both had low values with apple juice containing 0.00173 grams, and lemonade containing 0.000836 grams. As could be predicted by each juices’ nutrional value, orange juice had the highest concentration of Vitamin C relative to Lemonade and apple juice.
 * Abstract:**
 * 
 * Keywords: **Titration, Vitamin C, controlled variable, concentration


 * Results:**

Table 1: Volume of iodine solution added to a dissolved vitamin C tablet in water 1.12 mL || 1.02 mL 1.00 mL || 5.5 mL 1.2 mL || 3.72 mL 1.11 mL || .96 mL 1.53 mL || 28.51 mL || 47.34 mL 49.01 mL || 50.2 mL 19.1 mL || 45.10 mL 22.91 mL || 46.23 mL 26.99 mL || Table 2: Volume of iodine solution added to Orange Juice
 * || Trial 1 (30 mL) || Trial 2 (30 mL) || Trial 3 (30 mL) || Trial 4 (20 mL) || Trial 5 (20 mL) ||
 * Mass of Vitamin C tablet || .14 g || .12 g || .09 g || .13 g || .12 g ||
 * Beginning Volume (mL) || 3.12 mL
 * End level of Iodine Solution (mL) || 50.2 mL
 * || Trial 1 (20 mL) || Trial 2 (20 mL) || Trial 3 (30 mL) ||
 * Beginning volume (mL) || 7.42 mL || 6.32 mL || 7.25 mL ||
 * First blue volume (mL) || 18.65 mL || 6.73 mL || —————— ||
 * Remains blue volume (mL) || 30.21 mL || 28.61 mL || 41.91 mL ||

Table 3: Volume of iodine solution added to Lemonade
 * || Trial 1 (20 mL) || Trial 2 (mL) || Trial 3 (30 mL) ||
 * Beginning volume (mL) || 2.89 mL || 3.41 mL || 1.12 mL ||
 * First blue volume (mL) || 3.14 mL || 3.61 mL || 1st drop ||
 * Remains blue volume (mL) || 3.41 mL || 4.01 mL || 2.91 mL ||

Table 4: Volume of iodine solution added to Apple Juice
 * || Trial 1 (20 mL) || Trial 2 (20 mL) || Trial 3 (30 mL) ||
 * Beginning volume (mL) || 4.01 mL || 5.20 mL || 2.91 mL ||
 * First blue volume (mL) || 4.21 mL || 5.31 mL || 1st droop ||
 * Remains blue volume (mL) || 5.20 mL || 6.32 mL || 4.64 mL ||

Table 5: Summary of Experiment
 * || Vitamin C water || Orange Juice || Apple Juice || Lemonade ||
 * Average Total amount of iodine solution added (mL) || 66.96 mL || 22.54 mL || 1.16 mL || .56 mL ||
 * Amount of Vitamin C in 20 mL (g) || .10 g || .0337 g || .00173 g || .000836 g ||
 * Amount of Vitamin C in 30 mL (g) || .10 g || .0449 g || .00224 g || .00232 g ||

__Research Journal Summary__: Antioxidant Intake from Fruits, Vegetables, and Other Sources and risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma  This study was conducted by the Department of Medicine at the College of Medicine Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. The study tested 35,159 Iowa women aged 55-69 years in 1986 for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) after a 13 year period. According to the National Cancer Institute, ** non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is **any of a large group of cancers of lymphocytes (white blood cells). Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur at any age and are often marked by lymph nodes that are larger than normal, fever, and weight loss. There are many different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. There were many antioxidants that had strong associations with NHL, including Vitamin C. The article said that the relative risk of NHL in Vitamin C was 0.78, the highest value of any antioxidant tested. Overall, these results supported a stronger case for vegetables as protective defenses against non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Thompson, Carrie A. 2009. Antioxidant intake from fruits, vegetables and other sources and risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the Iowa Women’s Health Study. InterScience. 126(4).